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OpenBSD hard disk drives
- To: misc_(_at_)_openbsd_(_dot_)_org
- Subject: OpenBSD hard disk drives
- From: "Folays" <Folays_(_at_)_Folays_(_dot_)_net>
- Date: Fri, 9 Apr 2004 01:43:39 +0200 (CEST)
- Reply-to: Folays_(_at_)_Folays_(_dot_)_net
Hello all, i will ask you to excuse my poor english for the next :/
I have OpenBSD 3.4, and i encounter some problems on it for hard disk:
First, this is a part of my dmesg boot:
# dmesg | grep wd
wd0 at pciide0 channel 0 drive 0: <Maxtor 5T040H4>
wd0: 16-sector PIO, LBA, 38146MB, 16383 cyl, 16 head, 63 sec, 78125000
sectors
wd0(pciide0:0:0): using PIO mode 4, Ultra-DMA mode 5
dkcsum: wd0 matched BIOS disk 80
root on wd0a
rootdev=0x0 rrootdev=0x300 rawdev=0x302
And at the "boot>" prompt i have an "+" after hd0, what indicates that i
can have my /bsd kernel after the 8G limit. (but not /boot second-stage
loader, If i have understood all the boot procedure well).
So, i don't unterstand after the OS has been loaded, how I can reach my
various discs.
I have read FAQ, lots of man pages and documentations on internet, but
unfortunately, the disk under OpenBSD seems to differ from other OS.
Documentations that i have found are talking about devices that doesn't exist
in /dev.
I'd like to know what are the disk devices in /dev, and that an expert
says to me if am mistaken:
I currently have this partition:
# fdisk wd0
Disk: wd0 geometry: 4863/255/63 [78124095 Sectors]
Offset: 0 Signature: 0xAA55
Starting Ending LBA Info:
#: id C H S - C H S [ start: size ]
------------------------------------------------------------------------
*0: A5 1 0 1 - 511 254 63 [ 16065: 8209215 ] FreeBSD
1: 07 512 0 1 - 1023 254 63 [ 8225280: 8225280 ] HPFS/QNX/AUX
2: A5 1024 0 1 - 3071 254 63 [ 16450560: 32901120 ] FreeBSD
3: A6 3786 254 63 - 4862 254 62 [ 60838154: 17285940 ] OpenBSD
=> I have booted on the 3 with a cd (because /boot is after 8G).
=> The FreeBSD are in reality OpenBSD paritions, but i have'nt find how
to boot not on the first OpenBSD partition, so i set an different
number for them, then i say at the boot> prompt (from a CD)
"boot hd0a:/bsd" and it boot on the right partition (3).
(boot hd0{b,c,d,e,f}:/bsd does'nt work).
And this disklabel:
# disklabel wd0
# using MBR partition 3: type A6 off 60838154 (0x3a0510a) size 17285940
(0x107c334)
# /dev/rwd0c:
type: ESDI
disk: ESDI/IDE disk
label: Maxtor 5T040H4
flags:
bytes/sector: 512
sectors/track: 63
tracks/cylinder: 16
sectors/cylinder: 1008
cylinders: 16383
total sectors: 78125000
rpm: 3600
interleave: 1
trackskew: 0
cylinderskew: 0
headswitch: 0 # microseconds
track-to-track seek: 0 # microseconds
drivedata: 0
16 partitions:
# size offset fstype [fsize bsize cpg]
a: 2097648 61099920 4.2BSD 2048 16384 16 # (Cyl. 60615 - 62695)
b: 261766 60838154 swap # (Cyl. 60355*- 60614)
c: 78125000 0 unused 0 0 # (Cyl. 0 - 77504*)
d: 4194288 63197568 4.2BSD 2048 16384 16 # (Cyl. 62696 - 66856)
e: 4194288 67391856 4.2BSD 2048 16384 328 # (Cyl. 66857 - 71017)
f: 524160 71586144 4.2BSD 2048 16384 16 # (Cyl. 71018 - 71537)
g: 4194288 72110304 4.2BSD 2048 16384 16 # (Cyl. 71538 - 75698)
h: 524160 76304592 4.2BSD 2048 16384 16 # (Cyl. 75699 - 76218)
i: 10490444 16065 unknown # (Cyl. 15*- 10423*)
j: 41945714 10506510 unknown # (Cyl. 10423*- 52035*)
k: 8385929 52452225 unknown # (Cyl. 52035*- 60355*)
l: 1295342 76828752 4.2BSD 2048 16384 16 # (Cyl. 76219 - 77504*)
And that i think ( that is probably wrong :( ):
/dev/wd0* seems to be the partitions that i am using, not the partition 0.
Then how can I reach has each partition "in hard"?
(example: if i make hexdump -Cv -n 512 /dev/xxxx, it will display me the
first block of the partition)
What are the /dev/rwd0* devices ? (disklabel uses it, /dev/rwd0c it says!!)
Are /dev/wd* devices equivalent to /dev/rwd*, in spite of the fact that
the major device number differ?
(I ask this because as 'hexdump -Cv -n 512 /dev/rwd0i' and
'hexdump -Cv -n 512 /dev/wd0i' give me the same result).
So, if a want to access to the 'x' disklabel of the partition 0
(not b,c,i,j or k of course), while i have booted with an install on the
partition 3,
which dev/xxxx device do i have to use? (I want to mount it).
Why boot>, the first-stage boot loader is talking about "hd0" device for
my hard disk? OpenBSD don't have hd0 device anywhere!
So, what represents under the first-stage boot loader, for example:
hd0{a,b,c}:/bsd , hd0{i,j,k}:/bsd, hd1a:/bsd
(I suppose that I would have a 'hd1a' device if I had a second disk?)
And how i coul access to any OpenBSD install independently of the boot>
which is running?
example: the first-stage boot loader loaded in memory is from the partition
0, how can i say it to boot /bsd kernel from the partition 0 (OpenBSD),
or /bsd kernel from the partition 3 (OpenBSD) ?
I have'nt find any documentation to establish a link between devices under
the first stage boot loader and /dev/xxx devices! :(
And how i can mount, for example, the '/' directory of the partition 0
in the tree of the partition 3, which i'm running ?
I do not see at all how to do, because if i can access to the whole
partition x, i don't know hox to access to an disklabel from another
partition.
# mkdir /mnt/link
# mount_ffs /dev/xxx /mnt/link ??
all that I tested answered me "Device busy" or "Device not configured" :(
thanks to all will answer me :)
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